Viking Period Silver Penannular Brooch

Comprising: four cruciform mounts, each domed with reserved silver niello-filled interlaced cross on a billeted parcel-gilt field, mounting hole to each end, some with studs; T-shaped mount with reserved loops and bars on a billeted parcel-gilt field, loops above the vertical shank and fixing pin to angle; similar mount with ferrous remains to the hinge. 74 grams total, 41-49 mm



European art market. Acquired in Münich in 2012. European private collection. This lot has been checked against the Interpol Database of stolen works of art and is accompanied by a search certificate number no.12289-222348.

Sheet gold sleeve and wire dangle, crystal lobed bead mounted in the socket. 0.83 grams, 23 mm



Ex property of a late Japanese collector, 1970-2000s.

This amulet was believed to offer protection against 'Elfshot'. The attack of elves was believed responsible for mysterious suffering in men and livestock: sudden shooting pains localised to a particular area of the body, such as in rheumatism, arthritis or muscle stitches or cramps. Elves were thought to shoot darts or arrows where such pains had no obvious external cause. Belief in elfshot persisted into the 20th century in rural areas, and as proof country folk would sometimes find small arrowheads (the remains of Neolithic or Mesolithic flints, or naturally-occurring spear-shaped stones) that were believed to be the magical weapons that caused the afflictions. Belief in elfshot began in the Pagan Germanic period.

With broad curved blade and short spur beneath the chin, narrow neck, deep socket with extended edge to the reverse. 603 grams, 14.5 cm



From the private collection of a London gentleman, from his grandfather's collection formed before the early 1970s.

The axe seems to be a variation of type IV of the Kirpichnikov classification of the Eastern Rus Axes typology. These axes appeared in the 10th century, and continued in the 10th-11th century.