Sumerian Bone Face Mask

Modelled in the round as a zebu standing four-square with head raised; columnar muzzle with shallow slit mouth, discoid eye-sockets to accept and inlay; lateral loops at the shoulder and tubular filler-hole; separate hump forming a lid with corresponding loops for attachment. 870 grams, 16.5 cm wide



Private collection, New York, 1987. with Bonhams, London, 1 May 2013, no.154. Accompanied by a copy of the relevant Bonhams catalogue pages. Accompanied by a copy of French passport no.119527. Accompanied by an academic report by Dr Raffaele D’Amato. This lot has been checked against the Interpol Database of stolen works of art and is accompanied by search certificate number no.12976-245249.

The majestic zebu bull, with its heavy dewlap and wide curving horns, was considered to be a symbol of majesty and power since the first civilizations of the Indus Valley. It was the leader of the herd, the strength and virility (then symbol of fecundity) of which protected the group and ensured the procreation of the species. This is the reason why it was often chosen for sacrificial rites. It probably represented the emblem of the most powerful clans or top classes of Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa and it was the most impressive motif found in these cities, appearing constantly on painted pottery and bronze or clay figurines of the Indus area.

With rounded rim undercut to the underside; carinated shoulder; body tapering to the broad base. 800 grams, 13.3 cm wide



Ex Mayfair, London, UK, gallery, 2000s.

Comprising a barrel-shaped facetted socket with a rivetted lug to the rear, the body extending to a tapering nib with a sharp point. 17.8 grams, 84 mm



From the collection of a gentleman, acquired on the London art market in the 1990s.