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LOT 0235
Neo-Assyrian 'Axel Guttmann' Bronze Belt Section Group
9TH-7TH CENTURY B.C.
12 - 13 3/4 in. (845 grams total, 30.5-35 cm).
Comprising two belt sections, each perforated around the edges for attachment: one with a repoussé display of alternating lions leaping towards warriors on horseback, leaping horned bulls and archers standing in horse-drawn war chariot; one fragment with articulate loop; the other folding over on itself, with repoussé display of helmetted warriors on horseback, alternating with warriors driving horse-drawn chariots; Urartian or Assyrian. [2, No Reserve]
ProvenanceEx Axel Guttmann collection, with reference no.AG R 244.
Accompanied by an academic report by Dr Raffaele D’Amato.
This lot has been checked against the Interpol Database of stolen works of art and is accompanied by search certificate number no.11760-203204.
Cf. Esayan, S.A., 'Gürtelbleche der Älteren Eisenzeit in Armenien' in Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Archäologie, vol.6, pp.97-198, pls. 8 & 25, nos.25 and 26 (belts from Golovino); Born H., Seidl U., Schutzwaffen aus Assyrien und Urartu, Sammlung Axel Guttmann IV, Mainz, 1995, nos.AG502, pp.83-84, figs.73-75, and pp.100-102, figs.89-93, pp.158ff., figs.124, 127-128; Christie’s,The Art of Warfare, the Axel Guttmann collection, Part I, Wednesday 6 November 2002, London, 2001, nos.13, pp.20-21, no.26, p.28; Gorelik, M.,Weapons of the Ancient East, IV millennium BC-IV century BC, Saint Petersburg (2003), pl.LXI, nn.88-89-90; Christie’s,The art of the warfare, the Axel Guttmann collection, Part II, Wednesday 28 April 2004, London, 2004, nos.47, pp.40-41; cf. also the Metropolitan Museum, New York, accession number 1976.5, for similar imagery on a copper-alloy plaque and accession number 1989.281.18, for an Urartian belt of similar form and design.
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LOT 0235
Neo-Assyrian 'Axel Guttmann' Bronze Belt Section Group
Sold for (Inc. bp): £2,340
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Post Medieval Horseman's Axe
Late 17th century A.D. or laterSold for (Inc. bp): £546
Featuring an openwork blade stamped with maker's marks on both faces: three punched starburst marks to one face, starburst and cross with two pellets to the reverse; later wooden shaft, collar and rivet. 740 grams, 67 cm
Acquired 1990s-early 2000s. East Anglian private collection. -
Roman Bronze Military Mask Helmet Section
3rd century A.D.Sold for (Inc. bp): £975
From the upper part of the right side of the face mask, the upper edge with a band of embossed curved lines, probably representing stylised hairs, intertwined with laurel crown; embossed image of advancing Mars, the god of war, to the centre, depicted nude with military sagum, a pseudo-Corinthian helmet to the head and carrying a circular shield. 55 grams, 17 cm wide
Acquired 1960s-1990s. Late Alison Barker collection, a retired London barrister.
In the decorative patterns of Roman helmets, Mars was among the most revered deities in the Imperial army. After Jupiter, he was the most aristocratic god of the old Italic religion, master of armament, who governed military service (militiae potens) and oversaw the training ground, for which he was named Campester. The emperor Augustus named him Ultor (‘Avenger’) and dedicated to him a luxurious temple in the centre of the forum in gratitude for his victory over the murderers of Caesar and, in addition, granted to him the privileges of the Capitoline Jupiter. -
Medieval Iron Grappling Hook
15th-16th century A.D.Sold for (Inc. bp): £208
Retaining a free-running suspension loop. 598 grams, 22 cm
Acquired 1990s-early 2000s. East Anglian private collection.
The device (manus ferreae) was invented by the Romans in approximately 260 B.C.The grappling hook was originally used in naval warfare to catch ship rigging so that it could be boarded (the famous harpax of Agrippa at the battle of Actium in 31 B.C.), then widely employed in the siege wars.