Western Asiatic Carnelian Bead Necklace String

With globular body, narrow base, broad flared rim with lip. 528 grams, 9.5 cm high



Ex M. Braham, and Lord McAlpine collections, 1980-1990.

Spherical hollow clay mass with the remains of impressions to the exterior and ceramic tokens inside; surface cracked. 169 grams, 61 mm



Specialised collection of cuneiform texts, the property of a London gentleman and housed in London before 1992. Thence by descent to family members. Examined by Professor Wilfrid George Lambert FBA (1926-2011), historian, archaeologist, and specialist in Assyriology and Near Eastern archaeology, in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The collection is exceptional for the variety of types, including some very rare and well preserved examples.

This bulla envelope likely belonged to the Sumerian or Uruk culture. It is believed that there are less than 250 complete and fragmentary examples of this type of bulla envelope worldwide. This is one of only a handful of examples ever offered at auction. The bulla first emerged in Mesopotamia around 8000 B.C. The clay envelopes contain a number of pre-baked accounting tokens, which were used in commercial and stock-taking transactions. Placing the tokens inside the bulla greatly enhanced the honesty of the transaction, as the bulla would have to be broken or crushed to reveal its contents.

Of roughly barrel-shaped form with integral foot and shallow ribs below dripping glaze; with old 'Mahboubian Gallery CR/257' inventory sticker to one side, repaired. 660 grams, 17 cm high



with a London, UK gallery 1971-early 2000s.