Western Asiatic Bound Manuscript Pocket Book

Cuboid in form with 'numerals' 4, 2 and 1 in dot form to three faces, one face bearing an X, one a diagonal groove through the centre and one blank. 23.8 grams, 23 mm



Collected from 1969-1999. From the collection of the late Mr S.M., London, UK.

Spherical hollow clay mass with the remains of impressions to the exterior and ceramic tokens inside; surface cracked. 169 grams, 61 mm



Specialised collection of cuneiform texts, the property of a London gentleman and housed in London before 1992. Thence by descent to family members. Examined by Professor Wilfrid George Lambert FBA (1926-2011), historian, archaeologist, and specialist in Assyriology and Near Eastern archaeology, in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The collection is exceptional for the variety of types, including some very rare and well preserved examples.

This bulla envelope likely belonged to the Sumerian or Uruk culture. It is believed that there are less than 250 complete and fragmentary examples of this type of bulla envelope worldwide. This is one of only a handful of examples ever offered at auction. The bulla first emerged in Mesopotamia around 8000 B.C. The clay envelopes contain a number of pre-baked accounting tokens, which were used in commercial and stock-taking transactions. Placing the tokens inside the bulla greatly enhanced the honesty of the transaction, as the bulla would have to be broken or crushed to reveal its contents.

A repoussé lion's head portrayed facing with a protruding tongue, framed by a mature mane. 3.17 grams, 26 mm



Ex old English collection. London art market, 1980s.