Ur III Cuneiform Tablet Fragment Group Including an Expense for a Sacrifice

An architectural silver wedding ring composed of a rectangular-section hoop bearing the words ‘mazel tov’ (good fortune) in Hebrew characters; roughly cushion-shaped bezel with large openwork building above, likely representing Solomon’s temple or a synagogue, hinge and clasp at the base, opening to a model of what is likely a representation of the marriage contract which lifts out of its setting to reveal a void; incised stylised detailing to the building with two handprints placed over the arched doorway; Hebrew text to both principal faces of the bezel with wreaths below reading 'קול חתן וקול כלה' to one side and 'קול ששון וקול שמחה' to the other, together forming a quotation from Jeremiah 33:10-11: 'The voice of joy and the voice of gladness,​ the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride'. 107 grams, 10.4 cm overall, 19.08 mm internal diameter (approximate size British S, USA 9, Europe 20, Japan 19)



From a UK private collection.

A Jewish wedding consists of the signing of a marriage contract (ketubah) and the gift of a token, usually a ring. The ring was generally worn only during the ceremony and is often made in the form of a miniature building, signifying the new household as well as the Temple in Jerusalem. Traditionally, the ring had to belong to the groom and to be made of a precious metal not set with any gemstones. The Earliest Jewish wedding rings were found in the medieval treasure hoards of Erfurt in Germany and Colmar in France. The description of a wedding in 1400 by Rabbi Jakob hal Lewi Mölln (or Mishagin) made the importance of the ring clear: 'After the blessing, the Rabbi called two witnesses. He showed them the wedding ring and made them bear witness that it was worth at least a heller. Then he enjoined them to make sure that the groom fulfilled his marriage vow by saying the words 'By this ring let thou be given to me by the laws of Moses and of Israel'. He then put the ring on the bride's finger next to the thumb.'

A ceramic pictographic tablet fragment bearing pictographs to one face. 10.4 grams, 33 mm



Acquired before 1988. Ex family collection.

A copper-alloy penannular armband with shallow D-section hoop and terminals formed as stylised ram-heads each with exaggerated coiled horns, circular eyes set with cream-coloured beads and shallow semi-circular muzzles; transverse bands of geometric motifs along the neck. 620 grams, 10.4 cm wide



with a London, UK gallery 1971-early 2000s. This lot has been checked against the Interpol Database of stolen works of art and is accompanied by search certificate no.11643-199677.

The bracelet is a product of the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex ('BMAC', also developed from the 'Oxus Civilization') which was the dominant culture in the 3rd and 2nd millennium (often dated to c. 2250–1700 B.C.) in that area, corresponding roughly to modern Tajikistan and Afghanistan. The members of the group practised animal husbandry and a limited form of agriculture, with wheeled carts from the 4th millennium B.C . Its craftsmen were proficient at working metals and alloys including bronze, copper, silver, and gold. Fortified sites with multiple walls are another notable development.