Roman Ring with Julius Caesar Intaglio

A squat coarse terracotta jug with thick rim and loop handle to the shoulder. 464 grams, 15 cm wide



Acquired 1980-2015. Ex Abelita family collection.

A carnelian intaglio of Asclepius in a loosely draped himation with serpent coiled around his forearm, probably Asclepius the Greek god of healing; set into a later gold ring. 4.99 grams, 23.32 mm overall, 16.68 mm internal diameter (approximate size British L 1/2, USA 6, Europe 11.87, Japan 11)



Ex private East Coast, USA, collection. with Artemis Gallery, Colorado, USA, 21 February 2017. English private collection. Accompanied by a copy of a certificate of authenticity from Artemis Gallery, dated 21 February 2017.

Asclepius was the Graeco-Roman god of medicine, healing, prophecy and a son of Apollo and Coronis. He had two daughters with Epione, the goddess of soothing- Hygeia (goddess of health) and Panacea (goddess of healing). As a child, Asclepius was given to the centaur Chiron, who raised him in the ways of the healing arts. During his training, Asclepius healed a snake, which in turn granted him secret knowledge. Asclepius became such a proficient healer that he discovered a way to resurrect the dead, for which Zeus had him killed, in order to maintain the balance of life on Earth, placing him on the night sky under the constellation of the Ophiuchus (the snake holder).

A substantial lead pig (ingot), sub-rectangular in plan and plano-convex in section, reserved partial numerical inscription to central recess on the upper face, possibly: ‘CCCXXXXI’ or 341 Roman libra, a denomination of weight and the original weight of the ingot. 74 kg, 48 cm

Fine condition. Rare.

Found while searching with a metal detector on Wednesday 2nd September 2020 in Witherley, Leicestershire, UK, at a depth of 57cm by Nick Thorpe. Accompanied by Portable Antiquities Scheme Report number LEIC-62F9AF. Accompanied by a copy of a full page article published in Treasure Hunting Magazine, March 2021. Accompanied by copies of four photographs taken during excavation, and a hand written letter from the finder explaining the circumstances of finding. Accompanied by an academic report by Dr Raffaele D’Amato. This lot has been checked against the Interpol Database of stolen works of art and is accompanied by search certificate number no.10791-178320.

Although ingots are known to have been made in many shapes, the plano-convex shape was the most commonly used during the Roman period (Tylecote, 1987, p.204). The Witherley lead pig is certainly, at the moment, one of the largest of its kind found in Britain. The inscription relates to its weight in Roman libra, and it seems that originally the weight of the complete ingot was circa 110 kg. Such inscriptions appear on Roman ingots from the early Imperial Age onwards, see for example Gale Brown (2011, no.61.3ff.) The high percentage of lead in our ingot (97.9% lead, 1.5 % iron by XRF), is far higher than many other known specimens. Roman ingots are particularly important in many respects: in addition to their use for dating various phases of commercial activity, they can reveal the extent to which standardisation of weights was practised. The presence of numerical markings has led to suggestions of the existence of a 'standard weight' of 195 Roman libra (63.85 kg).