Roman Intaglio of Three Wrestling Erotes in Later Silver Ring

Ellipsoid integral plaque with low-relief motif of two opposed skulls between crossed long-bones. 5.28 grams, 21.1 mm overall, 18.07 mm internal diameter (approximate size British O, USA 7, Europe 14.98, Japan 14)



From an old English collection, 1980s.

A rare complete and undamaged rectangular plaque bearing raised, moulded text on the obverse; with hatched three horizontal bars and two pelletted between five registers, framing the letters of the alphabet '+ABCDE / FGHIKL / MN[reversed]OPq / RSTVW / +Y[Z]'; tree with berries on a hatched field to the reverse. 26.8 grams, 53 mm



Found whilst searching with a metal detector near Kniveton, Derbyshire Dales, UK. Accompanied by a copy of the British Museum's Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) report no.WMID-341C6A.

The letter 'U' has been omitted from the alphabet, as is common with such objects, as has the letter 'J', suggesting that the book was produced prior to the publication of Charles Butler's English Grammar (1633), which first distinguished between I and J. The letter Z is reversed. Hornbooks were employed as learning aids and commonly made from paper mounted onto wood, together with a transparent sheet of horn. Smaller, more portable lead-alloy examples such as this one are generally believed to have been mass-produced, whilst still falling within the genre of 'hornbooks'.

D-section hoop with widening lozenge-shaped shoulders supporting two discoid bezels; one with orange stone intaglio of three winged erotes, two engaged in a wrestling competition; a mirror image in gold below. 16.07 grams, 29.75 mm overall, 17.58 mm internal diameter (approximate size British O, USA 7, Europe 14.98, Japan 14)



Private collection, Europe. Acquired on the English art market.