Roman Green Glass and Other Bead Necklace String

With ring-and-dot markings disposed 1:6, 2:5, 3:4. 1.66 grams, 9 mm



Ex Essex gentleman's collection, 2000s.

A mixed group of ceramic bullae, tesserae or theatre tokens bearing low-relief motifs, mainly consisting of profile busts of deities. 35 grams total, 15-22 mm



From the private collection of a European gentleman (1942-2024), formed since the 1970s.

The term 'tessera' was used in Roman times to convey the Greek term σύμβολον (token). Small tiles are known as tokens, often shaped like coins, made of metal (copper, lead, iron), clay, bone, wood, or glass, stamped as well as engraved. The tokens, however, are not exclusively coin-shaped, as the Latin term 'tessera' suggests by etymologically referring to a square or at least a four-sided shape and confirmed in several cases by material remains of the past. Tokens and tesserae seem to have been used both in Athens and Rome for the distribution of goods. According to written sources, the term token is identified with credentials of the official authorities. They have also been interpreted as tokens of identity, as entrance tickets to theatre performances, tribunals or assemblies of citizens, archival material of seal engraving, as pawns in games, Charon’s obols and even as amulets.

With broad shoulder and conical body, everted rim, two loop handles and applied undulating band to the shoulder. 51.34 grams, 47 mm wide



Acquired 1970s-1996. Property of a North American collector. London collection, 2016.

This jar is a Syro-Palestinian type. Similar jars were found in the graves of Beit Fajjar, Palestine, and usually dated at the 4th-5th centuries A.D. Their colour is usually yellow-green or light green, but purple is also used.