Enkolpion panel with hinge knuckles; low-relief robed figure in orans pose. 20 grams, 63 mm



Ex C.J.Martin, UK. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s. Accompanied by a handwritten ticket.

Enkolpion with hinged and ribbed loop; low-relief nimbate figure in orans pose to obverse; robed figure to reverse. 16.8 grams, 56 mm



Ex DRG Coins and Antiquities, Bishops Stortford, Essex, UK. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s. Accompanied by a handwritten dealer's ticket.

Expanding arms with a pellet to each corner, raised cross motif at the centre. 4.54 grams, 32 mm



Ex German art market, 2000s. Acquired from an EU collector living in London. From the collection of a Surrey, UK, gentleman.

Cross pommee type, bifacial with punched rings to the lobes and central lozenge; some distortion. 4.96 grams, 35 mm



Ex Den of Antiquity, Cambridge, UK. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s.

Enkolpion with hinge suspension loop, incised cross fourchee to each face. 4.03 grams, 38 mm



Acquired from Chris Martin-Zakheim, Iconastas, 5 Piccadilly Arcade, London SW1. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s.

Articulated enkolpion with loop; incised robed and nimbate figure to obverse in orans pose with legend below arms 'ICXC' (abbreviation for Jesus Christ); reverse with incised robed and nimbate figure to obverse in orans pose with stars surrounding. 22.8 grams, 63 mm



Ex David Miller, Hemel Hempstead, London, UK. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s.

Enkolpion reliquary cross with hinge and suspension ring above; obverse with low-relief Jesus in stavrosis pose, nimbate and dressed in a robe; reverse with robed Mother of God in orans pose. 21.7 grams, 62 mm



Ex Den of Antiquity, Cambridge, UK. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s. Accompanied by a handwritten dealer's ticket.

Tongue-shaped body with elaborate decoration, a cross at the upper end, punched pellet motifs on the raised areas. 13.1 grams, 43 mm



From the collection of a gentleman, acquired on the London art market in the 1990s.

Cruciform plaque pierced for suspension at the upper edge, obverse with low-relief robed figure in orans pose. 3.02 grams, 31 mm



Acquired from Chris Martin-Zakheim, Iconastas, 5 Piccadilly Arcade, London SW1. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s.

Enkolpion reliquary cross with hinge and suspension ring above; obverse with incised nimbate Jesus in stavrosis position, dressed in hatched garment; reverse with Mother of God in orans pose flanked by fronds. 32.5 grams, 70 mm



Ex Den of Antiquity, Cambridge, UK. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s.

Biconical in profile with pointillé and linear decoration; intended to be filled with explosive liquid and a wick, and used as a hand grenade. 544 grams, 13 cm



From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.

Enkolpion with spurs to the angles of the four arms, central low-relief ring to each face; hinged suspension loop with ribbing. 11.69 grams, 51 mm



Ex Den of Antiquity, Cambridge, UK. From the private collection of a West London, UK, gentleman, formed since the early 2000s. Accompanied by a typed dealer's ticket.