Constantinople mint. Class B. + ЄMMA-[NOV]HΛ around, IC-XC to right and left of bust of Christ Pantokrator facing with nimbate cross behind head, square in each limb of nimbus cross, holding book of Gospels / Large cross pommée set upon two steps; IS XS bAS-ILЄ bAS-ILЄ to left and right above and beneath cross. DOC Class B; SB 1823. 11.62gr, 29mm, 6h.

Near Very Fine. Overstruck on earlier Anonymous Class A3 Follis (SB 1818).

Acquired on the UK art market before 2000. Property of an Essex, UK, gentleman.

Constantinople mint. Class C. + ЄMMA-NOVHΛ, three-quarter length bust of Christ Antiphonetes standing facing, raising His right hand in benediction and holding book of Gospels with left; IC XC across fields / Large jeweled cross, with IC XC NI-KA in its angles. DOC C; SB 1825. 7.97gr, 31mm, 6h.

Very Fine.

From the collection of a London antiquarian, formed since the 1980s.

Constantinople mint. Struck AD 1122-1142(?). Christ Pantokrator enthroned facing / John and St. George standing facing, holding patriarchal cross set on three steps between them. SB 1942. 2.49gr, 31mm, 6h.

Good Very Fine. Edge chipped.

From the collection of a London antiquarian, formed since the 1980s.

Magnesia mint. Type G. [MHP] θ[V], the Theotokos (Virgin Mary), nimbate, seated facing on throne with back / Half-length facing bust of John, holding labarum with right hand and globus cruciger with left; V-K in right field. DOC 41; SB 2095. 2.13gr, 26mm, 6h.

Good Very Fine.

Ex 'V' gentleman's collection, Switzerland. From the property of a North London, UK, gentleman.

Constantinople mint. Christ Pantokrator standing facing on dais; [IC XC flanking] / Michael enthroned facing, holding cross-tipped sceptre with left hand and globus cruciger with right; O Π V(?) to right. DOC 100-2; PCPC 35; SB 2290. 2.71gr, 24mm, 6h.

Good Very Fine.

From the collection of a London antiquarian, formed since the 1980s.

Constantinople mint. Class II coinage. Bust of Christ Pantokrator facing, with cross nimbus, wearing himation over chiton, holding book of Gospels with left hand and blessing with His right; IC XC flanking; sigla: lis - lis / MAI downwards to right, ИOV downwards to left, bust of Manuel facing, wearing domed crown with pendilia. DOC 1594; cf. Bendall 47 (denomination); SB 2553. 0.76gr, 13mm, 6h.

Very Fine.

Ex Lincolnshire, UK, collection.

Manuel II Palaeologus was a worthy ruler but was faced with problems when Constantinople was blockaded by the Ottoman Turks. Receiving no help from the West, he was optimistic when the Mongol ruler Timur invaded the Ottoman empire and annihilated the Turkish forces. However, when Timur returned home, the Turks rebuilt their power and again threatened the existence of Constantinople. Manuel retired in 1423 and became the monk Matthew until his death on 21st July 1425 (WildWinds).

Various emperors. 26.74gr total.

Fine to Good Very Fine.

From the collection of a London antiquarian, formed since the 1980s.

Various rulers. 29.11gr total.

Fine to Good Very Fine.

From the collection of a London antiquarian, formed since the 1980s.

Various emperors. 32.36gr total.

Fine to Very Fine.

From the collection of a London antiquarian, formed since the 1980s.

Various emperors. 111gr total.

Near Fine to Very Fine.

From a private, UK, collection in the 1980s. Property of a London, UK, antiquarian.

Various emperors. 62gr total.

Near Fine to Very Fine.

From a private, UK, collection in the 1980s. Property of a London, UK, antiquarian.

Various emperors. 52.74gr total.

Fine to Good Very Fine.

From the collection of a London antiquarian, formed since the 1980s.