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Auction Highlights:

Sold for (Inc. bp): £15,600
Sold for (Inc. bp): £5,850
Sold for (Inc. bp): £9,750
Sold for (Inc. bp): £41,600
Sold for (Inc. bp): £32,500
Sold for (Inc. bp): £29,900
Sold for (Inc. bp): £2,340
Sold for (Inc. bp): £15,600
Sold for (Inc. bp): £7,800
Sold for (Inc. bp): £23,400
Sold for (Inc. bp): £7,150
Sold for (Inc. bp): £11,050
Sold for (Inc. bp): £3,640
Sold for (Inc. bp): £7,800
Lot No. 0357
18
CELTIBERIAN GOLD NECK TORC
Sold for (Inc. bp): £14,950
Sold for (Inc. bp): £3,120
Sold for (Inc. bp): £4,160
Sold for (Inc. bp): £9,100
Sold for (Inc. bp): £11,050
Sold for (Inc. bp): £7,150
Sold for (Inc. bp): £22,100
Sold for (Inc. bp): £28,600
Sold for (Inc. bp): £13,650
Each bell-shaped in profile with carinated rim and stub of the lateral handle. 742 grams total, 11.5 cm each

Found by construction workers in the 1950s-1960s.
From the private collection of Mr A Hills, Kent, UK; received by gift circa 2015.

Comprising a large edge section with impressed olive tree, with details of branches, fruit and foliage. 87 grams, 17 cm

Acquired 1960s-1990s.
From the late Alison Barker collection, a retired London barrister.

For similar foliage and vegetal applique on terra sigillata see Mackensen, M., 'The study of 3rd century African red slip ware based on the eividence from Tunisia' in Malfitana, D., Poblome, J. and Lund, J., Innovating Perspectives on Roman Pottery Studies, Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi Catania, 22-24 Aprile 2004, Catania, 2006, pp.105-124, fig.13.

The representation of an olive tree on this sigillata is not casual. In the early Imperial period the export of the Adriatic olive oil, following the amber road, moved from Aquileia to the provinces of Roman Pannonia. During the 3rd century, the production of the Spanish olive oil reached the Northern Roman provinces. Olives were transported in particular amphorae and served with specific vessels, distinguishing the black olives (olivae nerae) from the white olives (olivae albae).
Two-part model comprising: galloping horse with fore-legs extended, detailed mane; rider wearing a crested helmet, cloak billowing to the rear, knee-length tunic with gathered waist, legs curved to the rear; mounted on a custom-made stand. 189 grams total, 92 mm including stand

Found UK.
From a collection acquired on the UK art market from various auction houses and collections mostly before 2000.
From an important Cambridgeshire estate; thence by descent.

Cf. Durham, E., Metal Figurines in Roman Britain, vol. 2, Reading, 2010, pl.87a,b, for type.

Mixed group of discoid and oblate trade weights with low-relief detailing. 39 grams total, 9-19 mm

Acquired since the 1970s.
From the private collection of a Surrey, UK, gentleman.

See Weber, K., Byzantinische Münzgewichte: Materialkorpus für 1-Nomisma-Gewichte, Schwelm, 2009, for discussion.

Biconical body with longitudinal ribs, separate lead-alloy domed filler-hole with cover, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. 1.06 kg, 21.5 cm

Acquired 1980-2015.
Ex Abelita family collection.

Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16; the shape finds correspondence with a fire grenade in the Kars Museum, no.14.09.2009.

Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.
Lot No. 0951
2
Sold for (Inc. bp): £65
Including mainly barrel-shaped types. 225 grams total, 11-26 mm

Ex Simmons gallery, London, UK.
Ex North London collection, 1990s.

Lot No. 0952
6
Sold for (Inc. bp): £85
Each arm with raised Y-shaped median panels and two bulb finials; shank below broken. 20.2 grams, 51 mm

Belgium collection, 1980s.
From the collection of an London antiquarian.

Cf. Wamser, L., Die Welt von Byzanz - Europas Östliches Erbe, München, 2004, item 543, for type.

Modelled in low relief with band of hair above arched brows and lentoid eyes, transverse bar for the mouth; reputedly the head of Jesus from a Corpus Christi. 7.6 grams, 29 mm

Collected from 1969-1999.
From the collection of the late Mr S.M., London, UK.

Mixed group of square trade weights of various typessome with pointillé or stamped detailing. 38.6 grams total, 8-17 mm

Acquired since the 1970s.
From the private collection of a Surrey, UK, gentleman.

Lot No. 0955
10
Sold for (Inc. bp): £169
Flat in section with pierced lug and suspension ring, lightly inscribed to the ends of the arms 'NI / KA / HC / ΛC'. 10.3 grams, 56 mm

Acquired in Munich, Germany, in 2001.
European private collection.

Piriform body decorated from concentric circles, with domed filler-hole, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. 1.01 kg, 15 cm

Acquired 1980-2015.
Ex Abelita family collection.

Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefasse aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16; the shape finds correspondence with a fire grenade in the Kars Museum, no.14.09.2009.

Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.
Lot No. 0957
6
Sold for (Inc. bp): £143
D-shaped cabochon garnet set in a gold cell with wire dangle beneath. 1.05 grams, 24 mm

From a late Japanese specialist collector, 1970-2000s.

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